Oba Akitoye (Restored): The Reformist Returns

Restoration to the Throne

Oba Akitoye regained the throne of Lagos in 1851 with the support of the British, following the defeat and exile of Oba Kosoko. His restoration marked a pivotal moment in Lagos' history, as it signaled the beginning of British influence over the city. Akitoye returned to power with a renewed commitment to implementing reforms, fostering legitimate trade, and abolishing the transatlantic slave trade.

Reign and Key Achievements (1851–1853)

1. Abolition of the Slave Trade

  • Ending Slavery in Lagos: With strong support from the British, Akitoye officially declared an end to the transatlantic slave trade in Lagos.
  • Promoting Legitimate Commerce: He actively encouraged the growth of alternative industries, including the export of palm oil, cotton, and other goods, laying the foundation for Lagos' transition to a lawful trading hub.

2. Strengthened Ties with Britain

  • Treaty of Lagos: Akitoye signed the Treaty of Lagos in 1852, which formalized British influence over Lagos while granting the monarchy some autonomy.
  • Economic Partnerships: His cooperation with British officials ensured increased trade opportunities and access to emerging markets for Lagosian merchants.

3. Governance and Reforms

  • Modernizing Lagos: Akitoye introduced reforms aimed at improving the administrative structure of Lagos, ensuring better collaboration between the monarchy and local chiefs.
  • Peaceful Coexistence: He prioritized reconciliation and unity among Lagosians, fostering stability after years of conflict.

4. Cultural Leadership

  • Preservation of Traditions: Despite his alignment with British policies, Akitoye upheld traditional customs and ceremonies, ensuring the continuity of Lagosian cultural heritage.
  • Spiritual Guidance: He maintained the monarchy's spiritual leadership, consulting the Ifá oracle and other traditional practices to guide his rule.

Challenges During His Reign

  • British Oversight: Although Akitoye regained the throne with British support, the increasing influence of colonial powers over Lagos limited his autonomy as Oba.
  • Internal Opposition: Some factions continued to oppose his reforms, particularly those benefiting from the old economic order of the slave trade.

End of Reign and Succession

Oba Akitoye passed away in 1853, marking the end of his restored reign. His death left a complex legacy of progress and dependency, as Lagos transitioned from a traditional kingdom to a colony under British influence. He was succeeded by Oba Dosunmu, whose reign would cement British control over Lagos through the signing of the Lagos Treaty of Cession.

Legacy and Significance

  • Advocate for Progress: Akitoye's determination to abolish the slave trade and promote legitimate commerce set Lagos on a path toward modernization and integration into global trade networks.
  • Catalyst for Change: His reign marked the beginning of a new era for Lagos, as it adapted to the changing socio-political landscape of the 19th century.
  • Diplomatic Pioneer: By forging strong ties with Britain, Akitoye ensured the survival of the monarchy amidst the growing influence of European powers.
  • Historical Turning Point: Oba Akitoye's restored reign was a critical juncture in Lagos' history, bridging the gap between traditional authority and colonial rule.

Conclusion

Oba Akitoye's restored reign was short but transformative. His progressive policies and strategic alliances laid the groundwork for the modernization of Lagos, making him a pivotal figure in its transition from a traditional kingdom to a city poised for future development.